The purpose of this study was to determine which factors contribute to heart disease in Indians. The second examination of Strong Heart Study participants was conducted to show whether risk factors change with time. In addition, new measurements were added to increase our understanding of heart disease and lung disease among American Indians.
The Phase II examination was conducted between 1993 and 1995. It re-examined 89% of all surviving members of the original cohort. During the examination, medical history was updated and a 24-hour dietary recall was performed on all individuals. Alcohol consumption and tobacco use were reassessed. The physical examination included measures of body fat, body circumferences and blood pressure, an evaluation of peripheral vascular disease, and a 12-lead resting electrocardiogram (ECG). Measures of pulmonary function, an echocardiogram, and a gallbladder sonogram were added. Laboratory measurements included fasting and post-load glucose, and fasting insulin, fasting lipids, fibrinogen, PAI1, glycated hemoglobin, and urinary albumin and creatinine; red blood cell allotypes were also assessed. Blood samples for future analysis were again stored at -70°.
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